Hydrocarbon burner



E. G. MUMMERY. HYDROCARBON BURNER. APPLICATION FILED DEC-27, l920.

Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

{SHEETS-SHEET}.

. 'JNVEN TOR.

@E. G. MUMMERY.

HYDROCARBON BURNER. APPLICATION FILED 050127. 1920.

Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

INVENTOR.

hurrah star EDWIN G. MUMMERY, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

HYDBUCARBON BURNER.

Specification of L t a n PatentetlvMar. 21, 1922.

Application filed December 27, 1920. Serial No. 433,434.

To all whom-it may concern Be it known that I, EDWIN G. MUMMERY, a citlzen of the United States, and residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State tion chambers extending up from the evaporators and provided with openings to adshall be of sufficient operating out in the claims,

- my present invention.

the evaporating trough.

mit sufficient air to insure complete combustion of the fuel, and the object of this invention is to provide a burner of this character'with a plurality of burner rings so it capacity for hot air furnaces, hot, water heaters and steam boilers! This invention consists in the construction, arrangement and proportions of the various parts of the improved duplex hydrocarbon burner illustrated in the accom-- panying drawings and particularly pointed and in the combination therewith of a preheater mounted on the outside of one of the evaporators to so raise the temperature thereof that liquid fuel flowing into said evaporator immediately becomes vaporized and inflammable.

in the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan of a hydrocarbon burner embodying Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on. the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a plan of a portion of the burner base. Fig. 5 is an elevation of this improved burner. Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing an electric heater in position.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

The ordinary hydrocarbon burners used in cook stoves are of such small size and limited capacity that a wick of asbestos in when saturated with v the liquid fuel, furnishes sufiicient heat when ignited to so raise the temperature of the several parts of the-burner ring that the fuel becomes vaporized as it enters and burns freely. the temperature of the burner being kept up by this combustion.

But where a burner sufficiently large for a furnace is formed with several concentric built up of heavy cast iron rings, this internal preheating by the normal fuel of the burner becomes impossible, andthe adoption of burners sufliv c1ently large for furnaces has probably been delayed for-this reason. I have found that when several concentric combustion chambers are employed, the trough of that chamber which receives the liquid fuel acts as the evaporator for the entire burner and that, furthermore, an independent heater adjacent thereto of suflicient capacity to raise the evaporator to fuel-vaporizing temperature solves the problem presented by the very heavy burner structure which may be eight lnches and upwards in diameter and weigh twenty-four pounds and upward.

It is evident that any available preheater may be employed, and I have shown one adapted for gas and another. for electricity. After the fuel begins to vaporize under this externally applied heat, it may be ignited by dropping a lighted match into the reheated combusion chamber or by introt ucing a bit of burning fibre on a wire.

The drawings show a burner having a base 1 comprising two concentric evaporator channels or troughs 2 and 3, the'inner hav ing walls 4 and 5 and the outer wider channel having walls 6 and 7, a cover ring 8 being provided to rest on a ledge 9 of the outer wall 7 to support the outer chimney. This outer wall or chimney is formed of any desired number of sections. two marked 11 and 12 being shown, each formed with slits 13 which extend through the walls to admit air to the combustion chamber between the walls. Integral ribs 1% hold together the several narrow rings composing these sections. The lower section 12 has a flange 15 extending below the cover ring 8. The edges of contacting sections and ot the walls of the channels or troughs are made reciprocal, that is. so that they will have engaging surfaces in diiferent planes which are at an angle to each other.

The inner'wall or chimney of the outer burn er rests on the wall 6 of the channel 3 and also consists of circumferentially slitted sections 16 and 17. l prefer,to form the wall 6 with holes 18 to admit air. Concentric with the walls of the outer combustion chamber are the walls of the inner combustion chamber. the outer wall of the inner chamber being formed of the circumferentially slittcd sections 18 and 19 which rest on the wall 5 of the channel 3. while the similar sections 21 and 22 of the inner wall rest on the wall 4: of this channel. A ring 23 closes the space-between the inner and outer combustion chamber and forces the air between them to enter the combustion chamhere through the openings in their walls.

Radial ducts 24 connect the two evaporators and the fuel is conducted to either one of the channels by any desired means, but

ill

for convenience ll prefer to conduct the fuel to the outer channel 3 by means of a tube 25, the wall 7 being bulged out at 26, as shown in Fig. 4:, to permit the fuel to flow evenly into the channel and not be thrown against one spot on the lower edge of the flange 15 of the section 12 which is normally very hot.

The distance between the walls a and 5 of the inner burner ring is less than that between the walls 6 and-7 of the outer burner ring in order that the flame from the two rings shall rise to about the same height.

I have found that when these combustion chambers are of the same width that the flame from the inner ring is liable to be yellow and to rise much above the clear blue outer flame;

An inner tube 27 has a radial flange 28 which rests on the top of the upper section 21 of the inner burner ring and not only conducts air to the slits in the inner wall thereof but permits free flow of air from below the burner through the center thereof. A hood 29 is provided with feet 30 which rest on the cover-plate 8, or with any other desired support and this hood conducts any vaporized fuel which may have escaped from the outer evaporator 3 to the slits 13 in the sections 11 and 12.

prefer to form the walls of the combustion chambers in sections as the intense heat at the tops of these walls has a tendency to warp these tops in time and thus destroy the usefulness of these walls. A. new section can be substituted for an old one in a ver few minutes and at little expense.

ecause of the large amount of metal in the evaporators and in the walls of the burner rings, the asbestos wicks commonly used to preheat the burners are of no value in the present structure. I have found that it is necessary to supply independent means for preheating the channel which acts as the evaporator and which receives the liquid fuel (usually the outer channel) and have further found that. a simple burner tube 32 of ring shape with openings 33 for the jets of gas is admirably suited to this purpose. as may be conducted from the house mains to this burner ring by a pipe 34 and may be controlled by the valve 35;

Gas being turned on and ignited, the evaporator 3 soon becomes sufiiciently hot to vaporize the fuel kerosene or a large part of the crude oil vapor is then ignited and burns'between the when that is used. The fuel" walls of the outer ring, heating the evaporator 3 to a high temperature. The preheater is cut off as soon as the burner begins to function. The liquid fuel entering through the pipe 25 flows along the channel 3 outside of the depending flange 15 and soon becomes vaporized, the vapors flowing in below the flange 15 quite evenly entirely around the burner. The advantage of this flange 15 is that it holds back the vapor in heater 32 and the base 1, the preheater hav'- ing perforated lugs 38 resting on the lower largest portions of these posts and the base 1 having perforated lugs 39 which receive the reduced upper ends of these posts. Three posts are preferred.

' in some cases a preheater comprising an annular casing 42 in which are the electric heating elements 13 may be preferred. The

ordinary house current may be used for this purpose. A. backing 44 ofasbestos prevents loss of heat. The usual insulation will be employed. Any desired means (not shown may be employed to hold this heater in position.

While I have shown and prefer circular troughs because of the uniformity of the resultant flame, ll do not wish to be limited thereto, as any. other form desired may be employed. The details and proportions of the several parts of this burner may all be changed by those skilled departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the following claims.

I claim i. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a base embodying a plurality of circular channels and foraminous cylindrical walls extending up from. the channels each wall comprising superimposed alined sections, and each section "consisting of spaced parallel coaxial rings and longitudinal ribs integral with the rings and uniting them into sec; tions.

2. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a base embodying a plurality of circular channels and foraminouscylmdricalwalls extending up from the channels each wall comprising superimposed alined sections, and each section consisting of spaced'parallel coaxial spaces between the walls convapor to flow through bein theart without rings and longitudinal ribs integral with the rings and uniting them into sections, the

spectively ii am stituting combustion chambers and the distance between the walls of the inner combustion chamber being less than that between the walls of the outer combustion chamber.

3. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a base embodying a plurality of circular channels and cylindrical Walls extending up from the channels to constitute COlIlbUSlJOIl chain hers and a fuel supply tube connecting to the outer wall of one of the channels, said outer wall being bulged out at the point of connection.

at. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a base embodying a plurality of circular channels and toraminous cylindrical walls ex tending up from the channels, each toraminous wall comprising a plurality of sections, the engaging ends or" the sections being recircumferentially shouldered and recessed to hold them alined.

5. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a base embodying a plurality of circular channels of which the outer is wider than the inner, a cover ring extending over the outer portion of the outer channel, cylindrical walls extending upward in pairs from the several channels and constituting burners therewith, the outer wall of the outer burner resting on said cover ring and having a flange extending down below said cover ring to cause a pressure ot'tuel vapor within the channel outside of said flange.

6. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a plurality of burner rings each embodying a channel and two foraminous walls, one of the channels constituting a fuel evaporator, conduits connecting the channels, a closing the space between the adjacent walls of adjacent burners, a cylindrical imperforate wall inside the inner burner ring and a flange extending radially outward therefrom to the adjacent wall of the inner burner.

nnwiu e. MUMMERY. 

